Complex interplays between limpets and alien species in South Africa: multispecies interactions, zonation and size effects
نویسندگان
چکیده
Integrating observations and experiments, we address the progressive effects of three alien species, mussels Mytilus galloprovincialis Semimytilus patagonicus , barnacle Balanus glandula on limpet species in South Africa. We describe four aspects: (1) Interactions among algae, Scutellastra granularis M. . (2) The influences B. S periwinkle Afrolittorina knysnaensis (3) Transformation zonation S. by successive arrival these aliens. (4) Assessment how effective published predictors have been when applied to conclude: (a) improves mussel survival condition regulating algae that would otherwise overgrow smother mussels. (b) has largely occupied upper half rocky shores, at high densities depletes or eliminates suitable bare-rock habitat for However, it positive another gastropod, A. knysnaensis. (c) dominates midshore recruitment but negatively adults this limpet, so its size composition, density, reproductive output are all altered mussel. (d) presents different challenges those created settling much greater densities, lower down shore, reaching smaller maximum sizes. Rather than generating a favourable epizootic recruits juveniles, almost completely excludes limpet. conclude not readily predictable, depending nature invader recipient environmental conditions complex interactions species. Collectively, now cover zones wave-exposed completing ‘zonation squeeze’ limpets, less influential wave-sheltered shores years is low.
منابع مشابه
Complex interplays between phytosterols and plastid development
Isoprenoids comprise the largest class of natural compounds and are found in all kinds of organisms. In plants, they participate in both primary and specialized metabolism, playing essential roles in nearly all aspects of growth and development. The enormous diversity of this family of compounds is extensively exploited for biotechnological and biomedical applications as biomaterials, biofuels ...
متن کاملpatterns and variations in native and non-native interlanguage pragmatic rating: effects of rater training, intercultural proficiency, and self-assessment
although there are studies on pragmatic assessment, to date, literature has been almost silent about native and non-native english raters’ criteria for the assessment of efl learners’ pragmatic performance. focusing on this topic, this study pursued four purposes. the first one was to find criteria for rating the speech acts of apology and refusal in l2 by native and non-native english teachers...
15 صفحه اولcohesion and cohesive devices in a contrastive analysis between ge and esp texts
the present study was an attempt to conduct a contrastive analysis between general english (ge) and english for specific purposes (esp) texts in terms of cohesion and cohesive devices. to this end, thirty texts from different esp and ge textbooks were randomly selected. then they were analyzed manually to find the frequency of cohesive devices. cohesive devices include reference, substitution, ...
15 صفحه اولInvasive Alien Species in South - Southeast Asia
Lanka helped to check the accuracy of the scientific names listed in country papers. Their hard work helped to increase the reliability of the information in this document and is much appreciated. The views expressed in this publication are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the positions of any government or other body represented in the meeting, nor its sponsors. Reproduction...
متن کاملذخیره در منابع من
با ذخیره ی این منبع در منابع من، دسترسی به آن را برای استفاده های بعدی آسان تر کنید
ژورنال
عنوان ژورنال: Frontiers in Marine Science
سال: 2023
ISSN: ['2296-7745']
DOI: https://doi.org/10.3389/fmars.2023.1190456